ABSTRACT
Fiber to fiber lubricants fall into two categories, cohesive agents that increase fiber friction and softeners that reduce that friction. In contrast, there are many different types of attractive forces; in chemistry these can be divided into two main classes, primary and secondary forces. In very few instances can the attraction between a polymer surface and some other substances be attributed to primary bonding. In most situations the forces are quasi–primary chemical, often called hydrogen bonding, or else one of the secondary forces. Surface–active agents have a characteristic molecular configuration consisting of a structural group that has very little attraction for a polar solvent, known as a lyophobic group, together with a group that has a strong attraction to that solvent, called the lyophilic group. Many surfactants are sold by finish component suppliers that are water dispersible or soluble and nonionic, but are neither primary emulsifiers nor superior fiber to metal lubricants.
