ABSTRACT
Pulling activity is similar to pushing activity in that the object weight is supported by the floor and force is applied to the object being pulled. As compared to manual lifting, pulling activities are not very strenuous. This chapter provides data for designing two-handed and one-handed pulling activities. Interpolate for intermediate frequencies. Values in the parentheses are for females. Numbers in bold italics, weight limited by the physiological design criterion. For a frequent pulling task, the biomechanical design criterion is not limiting. The chapter provides initial and sustained pulling forces for two-handed pulling tasks for different pulling distances. A foot distance of -10% reach height is optimum; a negative value of the foot distance means the foot is located on the other side of the vertical plane of the handle. The maximum horizontal pull force that can be exerted by males with one hand, infrequently, is approximately 15 kg on average.
