ABSTRACT
This chapter provides various guidelines concerning the physical design of the workstation. The emphasis is on repetitive work. Ergonomic design should consider four aspects: product/equipment, job aids, user selection, and training of user. The chapter then discusses cardiovascular effects of static loading from posture. It also discusses four aspects of standing, namely, anatomy, physiology, shoes, and floors. The chapter describes the problem, causes of falls, and solutions for falls. Falls can occur from slips, trips, and stepping-on-air. In addition, people can fall as a result of alcohol or drug use, fainting, and so on. The chapter also describes the three approaches to improving workstation effectiveness, including to change machine height, adjust elbow height, and adjust work height on the machine. The workstation should have some space for work-in-process storage of documents, supplies (disks, pens), and personal items (family pictures, purse).
