ABSTRACT
The proper disposal of treatment plant effluent is an essential part of planning and designing wastewater treatment facilities. Secondary effluents disposal/ reuse methods included natural evaporation, urban reuse, industrial reuse, agricultural reuse, recreational and aesthetic reuse, habitat restoration/enhancement, groundwater recharge, augmentation of potable water supplies, and discharge into natural waters. This chapter discusses each of these methods of effluent disposal. It also discusses effluent disposal into natural waters and the design procedure for river outfalls in detail. Many public attitude surveys show that the public will accept and endorse many types of non-potable reuse while being reluctant to accept potable reuse. Indirect potable water reuse is more acceptable to the public than direct potable water reuse. Water quality models utilize constituents such as total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, coliform organisms, nutrients, oxidation of carbonaceous and nitrogenous compounds, and dissolved oxygen. The chapter summarizes the relationships between contaminants and their probable impacts.
