ABSTRACT
This chapter provides information on the type of compounds that may cause odors; levels measured as a result of different feedstocks and processing methods; and current work with modeling of odor emissions from composting facilities. It discusses the formation and emission of volatile organic compounds during composting. Odor treatment and control will be dealt with in The Technology of Composting. Grass and green waste generally produce more odors than brush or leaves. Further, compacted wet leaves produce a stronger unpleasant fermentation odor than fresh dry leaves. The compounds that produce odors also differ, depending on the condition of the feedstock and the stage of composting. Organic compounds can be volatilized during composting, resulting in odors. Volatile organic compound emissions, like odors, can be removed from point-source process elements. Air dispersion models are used to analyze and project air-quality impacts from proposed and existing composting facilities.
