ABSTRACT
The basic goal of composting is to produce a stabilized product, compost. The biochemical manifestations as a result of microbial action transform the raw organic fraction of the waste or residue into a humus-like material. Humus is the result of long-term decomposition of organic matter in soil. Humus is a material comprised of many organic substances and representing a state during the decomposition of organic materials. It is a semi-finite state of decomposition and is characterized by a slow decomposition rate. Composting produces a partially decomposed organic matter. If the process is carried out properly, the decomposition rate of the compost is slow and when applied to soils it continues to biodegrade, eventually becoming humus. Considerable research has been carried out in an effort to identify the characteristics and properties of humus.
