ABSTRACT

Chi-square is generally an independent-samples test but there are related samples versions. This chapter examines a test called chi-square or chi-squared; it is used to test hypotheses about frequency of occurrence. As the binomial test is used to test whether there may be more men or women in the university, chi-square may be used for the same purpose. Chi-square has more uses because it can test hypotheses about frequency of occurrence in more than two categories. This is often used for categorizing responses to foods. The advantage of the chi-square one-sample test over the binomial test is that one can use more than two categories. The distribution of chi-square depends on the number of degrees of freedom. For each number of degrees of freedom, there is a separate chi-square distribution. Chi-square can be seen to be the basis for several other nonparametric tests: the McNemar test, the Cochran Q test, and the contingency coefficient.