ABSTRACT
This chapter provides information on several categories of technologies. Biological and physico-chemical treatment represents the fundamental categories of the utilized technologies. The chapter reviews several treatment measures for removing excessive concentrations of nitrate from groundwater systems. The measures are primarily for application to pumped groundwater. Treatment process comparisons for removal of nitrate from groundwater have typically included reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis along with ion-exchange. The RO process generally results in removal of many ionic species, including nitrates. The biological denitrification process for nitrate removal from abstracted groundwater can occur in either suspended or attached growth systems. One field study of denitrification in a shallow groundwater system was conducted by M. R. Trudell, R. W. Gillham , and J. A. Cherry. Information from this study can be used in the development of a design approach for in situ denitrification.
