ABSTRACT
Designing the manufacturing system optimally and deciding its optimal operating procedures are subject to the unique characteristics of the reproduction mode of each firm. Production to order is the production of items based upon customers' orders. Production for stock is undertaken in advance of receiving customers' orders, the products are then stored as inventory and shipped as orders are received. Industrial engineering is concerned with the design, improvement, and installation of integrated systems of people, materials, equipment, energy, and information. Group Technology is a technique to increase a production lot size by grouping various parts and products with similar shape, dimension and/or process route. The wide variety of product specifications demanded often makes for considerable uncertainty as to resources of production. Diversification is a philosophy that seeks to multiply the number of new and different kinds of products and/or services to be produced by a firm and is now commonly a top-level corporate strategy.
