ABSTRACT
The least progress in the development of atomizers has been made in the field of their design methods. The design of atomizers involves the determination of their basic geometric dimensions and some flow parameters such as spray angle and liquid film thickness. The design of diesel atomizers, that is, nozzles used in piston engines, is a very difficult one. There is an extensive literature devoted to calculation methods for swirl atomizers, especially simplex atomizers. The motion of the liquid inside the atomizer is complex. The maximum flow principle in a swirl atomizer is equivalent to the principle of the maximum (critical) flow in an open channel; the difference is that in open channels a free surface develops because of gravity forces and in the case of a swirl atomizer because of centrifugal force. Duplex atomizers are used for small liquid viscosities. Losses due to viscosity have the character of friction and local losses.
