ABSTRACT
Commonly used pharmacokinetic models include the classical compartmental models; the more physiologically based models first described by K. B. Bischoff; and the pharmacodynamics models first described by L. B. Sheiner et al. Compartmental models represent the body as a number of well-stirred compartments. Typically the transfer rate constants are first-order, but this is not a requirement of the compartmental model. The simplest administration is a single rapid intravenous bolus. The simplest compartment model is the one-compartment model. Drugs are commonly given by extra parenteral routes such as oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous, or tropical. The influence of saturable protein binding can be investigated by measuring free and total drug concentration and/or by measuring drug amounts excreted into urine. Drug concentrations are not the only observation that may be quantitated folowing drug administration. Thus as the drug concentration increases, the intensity of the pharmacological effect will increase.
