ABSTRACT
Considering the complexity of a living organism one is struck by the relatively small number of organic components used in the formation of substances which control the functioning of the organism. For example, the basic control of the “building” of the organism is exercised by two chemicals: deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). These materials consist of polymer chains containing monomer units called nucleotides, which are linked by phosphodiester bridges to form the linear polymer. The nucleotide, in turn, consists of three molecular components: a phosphate radical (Fig. 1), a ribose sugar (Fig. 1), and a nitrogen containing base (Fig. 2). Formation of nucleotides. Basic components are tne phospho-diester bridge, ribose sugars, and bases. Combination rule for bases: Cytosine-C base pairs with Guanine-G; Adenine-A pairs with Uracil-U or Thymine-T (Hydrogen Bonding). https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780203753699/85a9a6bc-cc25-40df-b58d-669bc048989c/content/fig1_1_OB.tif"/> Basic compounds involved in DNA and RNA formation. The nitro-genous bases, pyrimidines, and purines. https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780203753699/85a9a6bc-cc25-40df-b58d-669bc048989c/content/fig1_2_OB.tif"/>
