ABSTRACT
One of the principal uses of the relationship between concentration and cell potential is the measurement of concentrations of some dissolved species. The measurement of the potential with an ordinary voltmeter in a chemical analysis is called potentiometry. The cell approaches equilibrium, and when it gets there the potential has dropped to zero the battery is dead. Usually in analytical chemistry it is desirable to measure the voltage of a galvanic cell under conditions where the cell actually does no electrical work. This chapter discusses analysis of fluoride ions with ion-selective electrodes (ISE). It also discusses a detailed method of ammonia determination by ISE. In 1991, the Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine was awarded to two German scientists, Erwin Neher and Bert Sack-mann, for their use of microelectrodes in the study of ion transportation through cell membranes.
