ABSTRACT
I. INTRODUCTION This chapter is intended to provide the reader with an up-to-date account of scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) imaging in chemical and biological applications. The operational principle and methodology of SECM imaging is described in Sec. II. Some examples of SECM imaging in bulk liquid environments are demonstrated in Sec. Ill, including membranes, leaves, artificially patterned biological systems, and corrosion systems. In Sec. IV a developing imaging technique involving an ultra-thin liquid layer on a mica substrate is described. The images of an ionic conductive polymer, e.g., Nafion, and several macrobiological molecules are shown to demonstrate the applicability of this technique for imaging. Since the main focus of this chapter is on the developments related to imaging, other applications of SECM and a detailed account of the instrumentation are presented in other chapters in this monograph.
