FIGURE 7.2 An ecosystem as seen from the point of view of a modeler. Here only the components of a system are necessary for explaining processes. Dots represent real or imaginary organisms. The large upward arrow represents the average activity value for all organisms in the ecosystem. Arrows from species indicate the contribution of each species to the whole ecosystem activity and represents functional groups, enzyme activity, etc. External environmental forces are represented by the box and arrow on the right. Source: Modified from Andrén et al. (1999).

DOI link for FIGURE 7.2 An ecosystem as seen from the point of view of a modeler. Here only the components of a system are necessary for explaining processes. Dots represent real or imaginary organisms. The large upward arrow represents the average activity value for all organisms in the ecosystem. Arrows from species indicate the contribution of each species to the whole ecosystem activity and represents functional groups, enzyme activity, etc. External environmental forces are represented by the box and arrow on the right. Source: Modified from Andrén et al. (1999).

FIGURE 7.2 An ecosystem as seen from the point of view of a modeler. Here only the components of a system are necessary for explaining processes. Dots represent real or imaginary organisms. The large upward arrow represents the average activity value for all organisms in the ecosystem. Arrows from species indicate the contribution of each species to the whole ecosystem activity and represents functional groups, enzyme activity, etc. External environmental forces are represented by the box and arrow on the right. Source: Modified from Andrén et al. (1999).