ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the clinical significance of CP in developing promising TSE-EBPT-CPTs for the clinical management of AIS and the theranostic potential of natural and synthetic antioxidants for ameliorating the devastating symptoms suffered by stroke patients to improve their QOL. Nicotinamide phosphor-ribosyl-transferase is secreted from the microglia via exosome during AIS, whereas, Mdivi-1 alleviates BBB disruption and cell death in TBI by mitigating MTG induction and ATG dysfunction. The chapter also discusses the NAMPT which is secreted via exosome from microglia during neuro-inflammation of ischemic injury. CA activated the AMPK and p38 MAPK pathways, and pretreatment with inhibitors specific to these kinases demonstrated ATG inhibition and partial improvement in cell viability. Feng et al. tested the hypothesis that Naringin, a natural antioxidant, could inhibit ONOO-mediated MTG and attenuate cerebral I/R injury. Lan et al. investigated whether the Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction reduced MTG activation and preserved mitochondrial function in cerebral I/R injury.
