ABSTRACT
The history of scientific discoveries and innovations has often demonstrated how diverse and complicated have been the pathways of development during the long epoch of human civilization. Human cultures appeared and disappeared in different periods and in various places. This process was accompanied by the temporary disappearance of many discoveries, inventions, and creations, which thus had to be rediscovered later, by someone else. However, because of the ever-rising level of human civilization, something qualitatively new was added to every rediscovery. The absence of a stationary phase of large surface area can be of fundamental significance for fractionations of materials of biological origin. These materials are often very sensitive to the type and intensity of interaction with active surfaces of the packings of chromatographic columns, and on contact with large surface areas of these packings they can denaturate in an undesirable way. The majority of contemporary separation methods are used with low-molar-mass substances.
