ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces the well-known constitutive laws and presents linear constitutive laws heat, seepage, diffusion and mechanical behavior of rocks and rock masses. The constitutive law derived in a local coordinate system is then transformed to that in the global coordinate system. If constitutive laws, which are fundamentally determined from experiments, are introduced, their solution becomes possible. Crack tensor model proposed by M. Oda for rock masses follows basically the same steps of Singh’s model in order to obtain the elastic constitutive law of the rock mass. A constitutive law is derived based on the concepts of classical plasticity theory. When rock or rock mass behaves linearly without any rate dependency, the simplest constitutive law is Hooke’s law. Navier-Stokes constitutive law can be visualized as a simple case of Kelvin-Voigt’s law. Substance in the Kelvin-Voigt law is assumed to be elastic, and viscous components are connected in parallel.
