ABSTRACT
This chapter presents some of the most prominent data modeling techniques in the realm of data warehouse staging and BigData. A staging database is often used to pre-build warehouse objects in a pre-constructed database, in order to remove the warehouse small-scale precision database changes from the warehouse, such as incremental changes. Temporal data is difficult to manage without a specialized normalized staging database, because often the only way to work effectively with data that has been generated over time is to work with it by reading it in date order. Schema-less implies that a BigData data store does not attach metadata into the database itself, even though embedding JavaScript Object Notation objects does embed data semantics into the data. Database modeling has been around for a long time, including the relational normalized and warehouse fact-dimensional models.
