ABSTRACT
The most common technology for solar electricity generation is photovoltaic cells, which convert the photons, the energy carriers in sunlight, directly into electric power. The relatively firmly bound electrons in silicon atoms’ outermost electron shell is said to be in the “valence band.” Electricity grids are extended, but it is costly, and often there is a lack of a sufficient customer base to make the grid profitable. Grid-connected wind turbines at utility scale in addition to solar photovoltaic have become the fastest growing electricity generation methods. While mechanical wind pumps still exist, other newly developed wind pumping technology uses electricity. Wind is pollution-free electricity and can help us to reduce the environmental damage caused by other forms of power generation. Electricity is difficult to store on a large scale. However, the water that gives hydropower can be stored in reservoirs along the rivers.
