ABSTRACT
This chapter is intended to cover the anatomical knowledge of upper limb that helps trainee anesthetists who are revising for the Primary and Final FRCA exams. The topics of importance to anesthetists are presented under 'structures', 'circulation' and 'nervous system'. The chapter includes a wide range of questions of clinical relevance that are asked in the exam. The upper limb is divided into the shoulder, arm, forearm (between elbow and wrist) and hand. The axilla, cubital fossa and carpal tunnel are important areas of transition in the upper limb. The cubital fossa is a triangular depression anterior to the elbow joint. The brachial artery divides into the radial and ulnar artery at the antecubital fossa between the two heads of the biceps. The venous drainage of the upper limb can be divided into the superficial and the deep system. The superficial venous system lies in the subcutaneous tissue and drains into the deep venous system via perforating veins.
