ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces the promising applications of graphene in electronics and photonics. Graphene, a single atomic layer of graphite, has gained remarkable research interest in the past decade by breaking so many records in terms of electrical and thermal conductions as well as mechanical strength. The evolution of integrated circuits has been largely governed by Moore’s law, which was postulated in 1965 by Gordon Moore, cofounder of Intel Corporation. Moore’s law states that the number of transistors on a single chip doubles approximately every 18 months. The exponential trend in scaling silicon transistors has enhanced the device performance and density, satisfying the prediction of Moore’s law for decades. A large group of emerging materials and devices is being extensively studied to replace silicon due to its scaling limit in sight. An field-effect transistors (FETs) consists of four terminals: gate, source, drain, and substrate together with insulating dielectric over a conducting channel.
