ABSTRACT
Medium sterilization plays a critical role in the biochemical industry for a successful fermentation. The objective is to prevent the growth of undesired microorganisms during the fermentation, enzyme-catalyzed reaction, or medium storage. Sterilization may be achieved through the removal or destruction of any organism that will adversely affect the process or product. The physical properties of microorganisms are required for their removal from the liquid by filtration. The diameter of filamentous, mycelial organisms is several micrometers. So the filtration technique can be easily used for the removal of these organisms. Depth filters are prepared from porous or fibrous materials. The diameter of the pore is usually more than the minimum size of the materials to be removed. Particle removal efficiency is calculated from the amount of particles retained by the filter. The principles of retention of particles by the filter are interception, inertial impaction, diffusion, gravitation, and electrostatic interaction.
