ABSTRACT
Hands, complex and dynamic anatomical structures, provide a highly specialized interface between the body and the environment. They contribute to several vital activities: grasping, manipulating, sensing, gesturing, and more. The hand and wrist may be protected and enhanced with wearable products; however, wearable products may also limit the natural capabilities of the hand and wrist.
Basic anatomy of the hand and wrist
Bones, ligaments, fascia, muscles, and tendons build dexterous, yet vulnerable, hands.
Blood, nerve, and lymph systems reach all the way to the fingertips and fingernails.
Hand and wrist mechanics allow movements for activities including self-care, work skills, perceiving the environment, defensive and offensive movements, emotional touch, and expression through gesture.
Hand and wrist products: Protection, mobility, replacement
Environmental challenges include thermal protection, impact protection, manipulation stresses and strains, burn, abrasion, and cut vulnerabilities, e.g. work gloves, baseball mitts, space gloves.
The “cold” hand limits manipulation capabilities and is prone to injury, e.g. work gloves for cold climates, ski gloves, winter wear.
Handwear requirements include mobility, protection, and comfort, e.g. stabilizing hand splints.
Prosthetics can simulate hand and wrist functions.
Handwear shapes can include simple (mittens) to precision fit for fingers and the thumb (gloves).
