ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on numerical modeling and simulation. For most practical thermal systems, numerical methods are essential for obtaining a solution to the equations because of the inherent complexity in these systems. The basic considerations involved in numerical modeling, particularly those concerned with accuracy and validation, are discussed. The use of computer programs available in the public domain and commercially available software is also discussed in the context of a thermal system. The decoupling of the parts of the system in order to develop the appropriate mathematical and numerical models, followed by a thorough validation and coupling, is presented for the development of the numerical model for the complete system. The numerical solution procedures for different types of mathematical equations are outlined. Of particular interest here are the techniques for solving nonlinear equations that are commonly encountered in thermal systems. The simulation of a thermal system is considered next. The importance and uses of simulation are presented. Of particular interest is the use of simulation to evaluate different designs and for optimization of the system. Various types of simulation are outlined, the focus being on numerical simulation, which is discussed in detail. Simulation of large systems is discussed in terms of the basic strategy for modeling and simulation. The relationship between the simulation and the real system is an important consideration and is confirmed at various stages of model development and simulation.
