ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the modern theoretical model of the adsorption of a functional macromolecule in a slit pore. The phenomenon of chromatographic separation of oligomers by the types of their molecular heterogeneity is very complex and involves numerous parameters, characterizing both the sample and the separating system. An accurate theoretical description of the interrelations between all these parameters is today practically impossible. The former is associated with a decrease in the number of conformations of the macromolecule inside the pore as compared with the macromolecule in the solvent, the latter—with the interaction between the chain units and the pore wall. In the lattice model the macromolecule conformation is brought into correspondence with the trajectory of the particle walk over the nodes of a cubic or some other lattice. The existence of critical conditions, separating the exclusion and the adsorption modes, is a fundamental fact in the chromatography of macromolecules.
