ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses: the characteristic features of a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and explains why you would want to use this procedure; the differences between a fixed effects and random effects one-way ANOVA; ideal inference conditions for a one-way fixed effects ANOVA, potential consequences when these conditions are not met as well as suggestions for alternative approaches; tests for equality of population variances and when such tests can be useful for researchers; a nine-step approach for evaluating ideal inference conditions in a one-way fixed effects ANOVA; SAS programs which implement the suggested nine-step approach; Welch's test of mean equality for situations in which the population variances are unequal and why Welch's test is not recommended when population variances are related to population means; and other approaches for testing mean equality that could be also considered when population variances are unequal.
