ABSTRACT
Sometimes, one cannot help wonder why π appears so often in a wide range of mathematical problems and why it has a value of approximately equal to 3.1416. One may want to calculate this 16th letter in the Greek alphabet and would like to obtain its value as accurate as 3.14159265358979 achieved by the expert. 1 Geometrically, π represents the ratio of the circumference to the diameter of a circle. It is commonly known that if the radius of a circle is r, the diameter is equal to 2r, the circumference is equal to 2πr, and the area is equal to πr2. Hence, to calculate the diameter we simply double the radius but to calculate the circumference and the area of a circle is more involved. The transcendental number π is the result of calculating the circumference or area of a circle by numerical integration.
