ABSTRACT
Many cell constituents, including DNA inside the nucleus, the lipid membrane, and the cytoskeletal filaments, can be described using soft matter physics concepts. Polymers are a class of soft matter materials. Simultaneous measurement of the applied force as a function of elongation should allow us to determine the elasticity of the polymer chain. In brief, this work shows how the properties of nematic liquid crystal polymers can once again be exploited to trigger the bursting of polymersome at a distance. In other words, nucleosomes act as a barrier to transcription, preventing RNA polymerase from sliding along DNA and synthesizing RNA. The high linear charge density along the DNA primarily affects the “rigidity” of the DNA molecule. As revealed by their chemical structure, lipids are amphiphilic molecules. Chemically synthesized lipids or purified natural lipids are to make liposomes. Lipid bilayers are generally fluid at room or body temperature.
