ABSTRACT
In the context of the production of petrochemicals, the most important gas streams are those produced during crude oil refining which are usually referred to as refinery gas or, on some occasions, petroleum gas. In any text related to the various aspects of petrochemical technology, it is necessary to consider the properties and behavior of the feedstocks first through the name or terminology and/or the definition of the feedstock. Solvent extraction processes are used to reduce the concentration of heavy metals in petroleum residues. Before passing on to heavy oil as a feedstock for the production of petrochemicals, there are three types of conventional crude oil that need to be addressed: opportunity crude oil, high acid crude oil, and foamy oil. The feedstocks to be considered here are natural gas, conventional crude oil, heavy oil, extra heavy oil, tar sand bitumen, coal, oil shale, and biomass, including landfill gas and biogas.
