ABSTRACT
Chapter 2 provides a formal presentation of a theory of standard setting. The components of a standard setting process are described, including the development of policy for standards, the proficiencies that are needed to meet standards, the technical details of working with subject matter experts to translate policy into points on a reporting score scale, and the final approval process for standards. The chapter also discusses the need for documentation of the process and the information needed to support inferences that are made when using standards for decision making. Some examples are provided to show the steps typically required to implement a standard setting process.
