ABSTRACT
A balanced “nonfad” diet should provide pregnant women with an adequate complement of nutrients during pregnancy. A balanced diet should provide necessary nutrients during pregnancy, except for iron, which is routinely prescribed. Vitamin A is an essential nutrient, and the recommended supplement of vitamin A is usually consumed. Niacin is a B complex vitamin that is metabolized to niacinamide, the active form of B3, in humans. Niacin is naturally present in a wide variety of foods. Pantothenate is an essential cofactor in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It contributes to the composition of coenzyme A. Pyridoxine, another essential nutrient, is an enzyme cofactor. Dietary pyridoxine requirements are increased among pregnant women. Vitamin B12, cyanocobalamin, is an essential nutrient. Megadose cyanocobalamin is used to treat pernicious anemia. Folic acid, a water-soluble vitamin B complex, is an essential nutrient. It is a coenzyme, and has been shown to be extremely important in normal embryonic development, the neural tube complex in particular.
