ABSTRACT
A thorough physical examination, including a neurological examination, should be performed before any analgesic is administered. If diagnostic procedures are planned, such as a radiographic or ultrasound examination, analgesic or sedative analgesic combinations may facilitate positioning and reduce stress and anxiety. Initial administration of opioids will often prove satisfactory for most types of acute pain. The opioid selected will depend on the severity of trauma and perceived requirements for analgesics. If opioids are to be used in patients with suspected intracranial hypertension, respiratory monitoring is required. Possible hypoventilation associated with high doses of I agonist opioids may worsen intracranial hypertension causing serious neurological impairment. Intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, or a continuous rate infusion may be used for drug delivery.
