ABSTRACT
Energy management system lies at the heart of all infrastructures from communications, electric grids, natural gas to transportation networks, making such complex and interdependent systems more robust, efficient and resilient. Power system or grid control centers are using integrated software and hardware systems, the energy management system (EMS) to operate, control and manage power systems. EMS has evolved over the past decades into larger, sophisticated and complex control and management system through computer automation, advanced communication, adaptive control, smart sensing and monitoring. Smart grids introduce and gather new actors and assets, such as consumer devices, energy management devices, smart sensing, communication equipment, intelligent control and end-users to achieve a higher level of energy management, optimization control and uses. However, the modern energy management, regardless of the complexity, automation, smartness and sophistication, has the same mission as original system, keep the electricity available at all times. Energy management is a well-structured process that is both technical and managerial in nature. Recently, smart energy management systems (SEMS) have been developed and employed. The new, adaptive and intelligent methods and techniques facilitate the SEMS, via smart sensing, two-way communication, energy demand responses, distributed generation, peak shaving and load changing to provide better, more efficient and secure services, faster service restoration, improved power quality, as well as additional services to the end-users.
