ABSTRACT
This chapter begins with coverage on the temperature and pressure profiles of the troposphere. It describes horizontal air movement with focuses on horizontal air circulation and wind. The chapter presents Lapse rate, atmospheric stability and inversion layers affect vertical air movement to a greater extent. It explains the relationships between stability class and plume behaviors and the effects of topographical factors. The chapter shows how a plume rise can be estimated. It also presents several analytical and numerical air pollution concentration models, including the simplest box model and the commonly-used Gaussian plume dispersion model. Everything on the earth absorbs, stores, and re-radiates the energy it received from the Sun. Some parts of the Earth heat more readily than the others and that is known as differential heating. Wind is a vector; it has speed and direction. Wind speeds are measured by anemometers. The wind directions are measured by wind vanes.
