ABSTRACT
Cell wall biogenesis is coded by chromosomal genes, hence only nucleated protoplasts can successfully synthesize the cell wall and subsequently regenerate and revert to parent culture. The ability of cell wall rebuilding and reversion to parental form is termed regeneration and reversion of protoplasts. The fungal protoplast rapidly regenerates a wall and reverts to the original mode of growth. Most studies on wall regeneration have been carried out with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Studies on regeneration and reversion of protoplasts in filamentous fungi are interesting because these systems provide an opportunity to observe the emergence of hyphal structure with their highly organized apical growth centres. These hyphae always arise from more or less spherical cells after regeneration of walls around the protoplast. The first and foremost important process in regeneration of protoplast is the synthesis of the rigid cell wall. Most studies on the regeneration of protoplast concerned simple microscopical observations.
