ABSTRACT
Fuels vary widely in their physical and chemical properties to match their applications and environmental exposure. Fuel properties are specified to give satisfactory performance of engines over a wide range of operating conditions. The European automotive fuels specifications for unleaded petrol, liquefied petroleum gas, and diesel fuel are given by: EN 228 Unleaded Petrol (Gasoline) for Motor Vehicles; EN 589 Liquefied Petroleum Gas; and EN 590 Automotive Diesel Fuel. Transportation fuels are complex mixtures composed predominately of hydrocarbons, which varies depending on crude source and manufacturing process. Fuel quality as it relates to emissions is regulated by one or more government agencies, and as it relates to performance by industry standards developed by industry boards. Fuel specifications do not list all the properties of fuels that are relevant in design or application, and it would be impractical to do so because not all of the properties could be tested for each new fuel batch.
