ABSTRACT
The monopole-dipole model describes such a charge distribution approximately. It is useful as a handy tool for physical description and for analytical calculations. Monopole-dipole charging occurred there, resulting in the enhanced electron density of about 10 to 12 eV or less in the morning period from 18 UT onward. Secondary electrons can be emitted, but they are of the about the same energy as the photoelectrons, and therefore they are blocked together with the photoelectrons. The blue band indicates eclipse. No low-energy electrons were in the band because there was no photoelectron, and low-energy ambient electrons were repelled by the charging in eclipse, which was caused by the incoming high-energy ambient electrons. If the wrapping is complete, the negative potentials can block the escape of the photoelectrons, which have a few eV in energy only. As a result, the entire satellite may charge to negative potentials everywhere.
