ABSTRACT
The Apollo 8 mission was one of the most ambitious that NASA has ever undertaken. The crew originally trained for an Earth orbit test of the lunar module, but delays completing that complicated craft left room for a change in plans. Isaac Newton deduced the laws of motion that dictate how objects really move. Newton's laws are clearly visible in the context of space. The cornerstones of Newtonian mechanics are the three laws of motion, first set out in their completely correct form in the Principia. The first two laws form a pair that describe how objects move with or without forces acting on them. The third law tells us how forces and objects interact with each other. The physics is not straightforward and is more easily understood by applying the concept of momentum. Newton's laws can be used to prove that the total amount of momentum in the whole universe never changes.
