ABSTRACT
Due to the skyrocketed increase of internet users and services, high-speed communication is required to fulfill enormous demand of bandwidth. Local area network is a communication network that covers a small geographical area (typically a building or a cluster of buildings) and provides a means for information exchange among the devices/nodes attached to it. Since the origin of communication, its operation varies from vendor to vendor. So standards are needed to promote interoperability among vendor equipment and to encourage economics of scale. Since 1990, transport control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) has become more popular than the open system interconnection model because of its simplicity and interoperability over different networks, thus providing different services through its IP layer. Wide area network has been traditionally considered to be a network that covers large geographical area. In a circuit-switched network, a dedicated communication path is established between two stations through the nodes of the network.
