ABSTRACT
It is important to understand food-related microorganisms, with regard to growth needs and environmental requirements to better understand their control mechanisms. Bacteria can be found almost everywhere in nature, and they come in various sizes and forms. They all have basic needs of food, moisture, and time for growth; however, some have specific needs that will also be discussed. There are several means of differentiation between organisms, including shape, Gram staining, spore formation, and metabolism of nutrients. One of the means of differentiation among organisms is through the process of Gram staining. Microbiological contamination of food may result in product spoilage, reduction in shelf life, or foodborne illness. Microbiological testing of the food manufacturing environment can be a valuable tool to ensuring product safety. In addition to equipment design to control microorganisms, there are materials available to the industry that provides an added measure of microbiological control.
