The mean or average value of a waveform

The mean or average value, y, of the waveform shown in Figure 39.1 is given by: Figure 39.1 https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429294402/968186b9-ffa4-4f2b-aa54-7fc58a604561/content/fig39_1.tif"/> y = area under curve length of base, b https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9780429294402/968186b9-ffa4-4f2b-aa54-7fc58a604561/content/eq1520.tif"/>