ABSTRACT
Cement is an inorganic binding material that has been used in construction for over 5,000 years. Over the past hundred years, it has been manufactured to meet the specifications related to various applications. Health monitoring related to the maintenance and safety of various infrastructures, both onshore and offshore, has become a major issue. Hence, in cement-based infrastructures, it is not only important to develop a highly sensing material with the critical parameters to monitor but also develop a real-time monitoring system that can be adopted in the field. These are two of the major challenges. In recent years, highly sensing chemo-thermo-piezoresistive smart cement has been developed with integrated real-time monitoring technology to address the major issues related to health monitoring of cement-based materials. This is a paradigm shift in making the cement to be a 3D sensor with critical electrical properties for monitoring that has been identified and verified in various model tests.
