ABSTRACT
Simulation may be used to explore unique design solutions without making the actual parts. Simulation requires a lower investment in time, money, and opportunity cost. Development risks are reduced by using a digital twin. Different digital twins can exist for evaluating interfaces, structures, thermal characteristics, controllers, and such. An action item list is used to articulate what tasks need to be done, when each task needs to be completed, and who is responsible for the task across interfacing departments or with supply chain companies. New product development work requires analysis from a legal department perspective to ensure regulatory compliance. If the final product is unable to meet the claims made for that product, then customer dissatisfaction may involve customer remuneration or product replacement through legal action. In project management parlance, scope is the work that must be done to deliver a product according to the product's required functions and features defined in the contract.
