ABSTRACT
Halogens are quite different from alkalis in the valence electrons of the outermost orbitals, and so do the adsorption effects on the essential properties. The halogenated graphenes are verified and predicted to exhibit the rich and unique geometric, electronic and magnetic properties, especially for the fluorinated systems. The various halogenation effects on graphene nanoribbons could be understood from five electrons in the outermost orbitals using the first-principles calculations. The halogen adatoms, which possess the similar effects on electronic properties, dramatically alter the low-lying energy bands. The halogenation effects on energy bands of armchair systems are very sensitive to adatom concentrations. The transport experiments could test the relation between hole density and halogen concentration, and the spin-polarized currents. Moreover, the magneto-optical experiments are suitable for verifying the main features of the spin-split energy bands. The strong competition and cooperation between fluorination and zigzag edge further diversifies the essential properties.
