ABSTRACT
This chapter deals with two forms of validity, logical and content, commonly referred to as face and content validity. The Wechsler tests of intelligence also provide examples of the importance of face validity. In classroom and standardized educational testing, multiple-choice tests also suffer from face validity problems. An issue with face validity is that many educators, psychologists, and others judge assessments only on the basis of face validity. Many decades of research have shown that the job interview lacks both reliability and predictive validity in selecting for a job. The job interview is probably the most widely used criterion for job selection even though it has poor reliability and validity. One of the cognitive heuristics that comes into play under conditions is the illusion of validity of expert judgment; those who make the judgments express a high degree of confidence even though they are likely to be wrong.
