ABSTRACT
The industrialization of agriculture and food system has converted industrially managed agroecosystems into highly entropic dissipative structures that require large amounts of external energy and materials, transferring the generated entropy to the environment and, consequently, having a big impact on it. Agriculture would continue to have an organic energy base even in countries adopting industrialization. National policies encouraged production intensification and specialization, bolstering agricultural industrialization. It led the agricultural sector to becoming subordinated to industry and services and the basis of capital accumulation. In addition, the modernization of agriculture was achieved at the expense of traditional farmers, who were forced to migrate to cities to live in conditions of extreme poverty or remain farming marginal land. From the perspective of agriculture’s internal equity, unequal distribution of agrarian resources creates pressure toward a greater productive endeavor, giving rise to different strategies among large landowners.
