ABSTRACT
This chapter describes the basis for programs to do solubility calculations for solutions containing sparingly soluble salts of strong acids, metal hydroxides, and salts of weak acids. The chapter begins with a discussion of some background information, including some simplifying assumptions, some symbols used in the chapter, effects of common ions and net concentrations after any metal ion and anion that may be present initially have reacted to equilibrium. The discussion then continues with a description of calculations for salts of strong acids, including procedures used to account for effects of ionic strength and a description of an iterative program to do the calculations. This discussion is followed by a discussion of concepts and equations associated with solubilities of metal hydroxides without and with correction for effects of ionic strength. The discussions conclude with descriptions of two programs for salts of weak acids. One program is designed to calculate solubilities in unbuffered and buffered solutions without common ions. The other program is designed to do calculations for sparingly soluble salts of weak acids in solutions with common ions but without correction for effects of ionic strength.
