ABSTRACT
The use of mineral and organic fertilizers is a necessary part of modern intensive farming practices, which include growing high-yield crops on the same land for many years. Nitrogen compounds have high mobility in soil, which causes nitrogen losses through runoff. Most nitrogen fertilizers are readily soluble in water, and they are either not absorbed or poorly absorbed by the soil. Three types of urea formulations were described by Tatiana G. Volova et al.: films and compressed pellets with embedded urea and polymer-coated granular urea. The effectiveness of the prepared nitrogen formulations was evaluated by Volova et al., 2016, in experiments on growing plants under laboratory conditions. Nitrogen concentration in soil correlated with the amount of nitrogen released to the irrigation solution. Biodegradable materials can be used to construct slow-release controlled-delivery systems for agriculture. Application of nitrogen fertilizers by traditional methods has some disadvantages: too high concentration of the fertilizer in soil immediately upon application, which declines over certain time.
