ABSTRACT
This chapter reviews some realistic and challenging case examples that shows how to apply the venous access assessment in ‘real-world’ settings. It deals with simple cases and work upwards to more complex scenarios. The chapter provides an overview of the venous access options available and the contexts in which they are applicable. A 94-year-old male patient with multiple comorbidities admitted with severe community-acquired pneumonia and acute kidney injury. A 38-year-old otherwise fit and well female patient admitted with lower limb cellulitis that has not improved despite 3 days of oral antibiotics at home. A 49-year-old alcoholic man is admitted onto the acute medical unit with coffee-ground vomiting and bleeding per rectum. He has a systolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg with a heart rate of 110. A 65-year-old gentleman admitted to the emergency department with sudden-onset abdominal and back pain with collapse.
